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TV pickup
Television pickup is a term used in the United Kingdom to refer to a phenomenon that affects electricity generation and transmission networks. It often occurs when a large number of people watch the same TV programmes while taking advantage of commercial breaks to operate electrical appliances (particularly kettles), thus causing large synchronised surges in national electricity consumption. Electricity networks devote considerable resources to predicting and providing electricity supply for these events which in the UK for example, typically impose an extra demand of around 200–400 megawatts (MW) on the Grid. Short term supply is often obtained from pumped storage reservoirs, which can be quickly brought online, backed up by the slower fossil fuel and nuclear power stations. The largest ever pickup was on 4 July 1990 when a 2800 MW demand was imposed by the ending of the penalty shootout in the England v West Germany FIFA World Cup semi-final.〔〔 In addition to pickups the Grid also prepares for synchronised switch-offs during remembrance and energy awareness events.
== Cause ==
TV pickups occur during breaks in popular television programmes and are a surge in demand caused by the boiling of kettles and the opening of fridge doors by millions of people. The phenomenon is common in the UK where individual programmes can often attract a significantly large audience share.〔 The introduction of a wider range of TV channels is mitigating the effect but it remains a large concern for the National Grid operators.〔
There are typically several large peaks in energy use caused by TV pickup during each day dependent on TV schedules, the day of the week and weather. The largest pickup of the day is usually at 21:00 when several popular TV programmes end or go to commercial breaks.〔 The most popular programmes, hence those giving the greatest pickup are soaps, sporting events, and reality TV. A typical TV pickup imposes an extra demand of 200–400 megawatts with larger soap storylines bringing around 700–800 MW.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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